disk是linux自帶的硬盤分區(qū)工具，可以對(duì)硬盤進(jìn)行分區(qū)，或者對(duì)硬盤分區(qū)進(jìn)行調(diào)整。
首先選擇要進(jìn)行操作的磁盤
[root@Linuxidc ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
輸入m，列出可以執(zhí)行的命令
Command (m for help): m Command action a toggle a bootable flag b edit bsd disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag d delete a partition l list known partition types m print this menu n add a new partition o create a new empty DOS partition table p print the partition table q quit without saving changes s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partition's system id u change display/entry units v verify the partition table w write table to disk and exit x extra functionality (experts only)
輸入p，列出磁盤目前的分區(qū)情況
Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 391 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 1 8001 8e Linux LVM /dev/sdb2 2 26 200812+ 83 Linux
輸入d，然后選擇分區(qū)，刪除現(xiàn)有分區(qū)
Command (m for help): d Partition number (1-4): 1 Command (m for help): d Selected partition 2
查看分區(qū)情況，確認(rèn)分區(qū)已經(jīng)刪除
Command (m for help): print Disk /dev/sdb: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 391 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System Command (m for help):
輸入n，建立新的磁盤分區(qū)，首先建立兩個(gè)主磁盤分區(qū)
Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p //建立主分區(qū) Partition number (1-4): 1 //分區(qū)號(hào) First cylinder (1-391, default 1): //分區(qū)起始位置 Using default value 1 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-391, default 391): 100 //分區(qū)結(jié)束位置，單位為扇區(qū) Command (m for help): n //再建立一個(gè)分區(qū) Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 2 //分區(qū)號(hào)為2 First cylinder (101-391, default 101): Using default value 101 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (101-391, default 391): +200M //分區(qū)結(jié)束位置，單位為M
確認(rèn)分區(qū)建立成功
Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 391 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 100 803218+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 101 125 200812+ 83 Linux
再建立一個(gè)邏輯分區(qū)
Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) e //選擇擴(kuò)展分區(qū) Partition number (1-4): 3 First cylinder (126-391, default 126): Using default value 126 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (126-391, default 391): Using default value 391
確認(rèn)擴(kuò)展分區(qū)建立成功
Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 391 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 100 803218+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 101 125 200812+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb3 126 391 2136645 5 Extended
在擴(kuò)展分區(qū)上建立兩個(gè)邏輯分區(qū)
Command (m for help): n Command action l logical (5 or over) p primary partition (1-4) l //選擇邏輯分區(qū) First cylinder (126-391, default 126): Using default value 126 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (126-391, default 391): +400M Command (m for help): n Command action l logical (5 or over) p primary partition (1-4) l First cylinder (176-391, default 176): Using default value 176 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (176-391, default 391): Using default value 391
確認(rèn)邏輯分區(qū)建立成功
Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 391 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 100 803218+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 101 125 200812+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb3 126 391 2136645 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 126 175 401593+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb6 176 391 1734988+ 83 Linux Command (m for help):
從上面的結(jié)果我們可以看到，在硬盤sdb我們建立了2個(gè)主分區(qū)（sdb1，sdb2），1個(gè)擴(kuò)展分區(qū)（sdb3），2個(gè)邏輯分區(qū)（sdb5，sdb6）
注意：主分區(qū)和擴(kuò)展分區(qū)的磁盤號(hào)位1-4，也就是說最多有4個(gè)主分區(qū)或者擴(kuò)展分區(qū)，邏輯分區(qū)開始的磁盤號(hào)為5，因此在這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中試沒有sdb4的。
最后對(duì)分區(qū)操作進(jìn)行保存
Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.
建立好分區(qū)之后我們還需要對(duì)分區(qū)進(jìn)行格式化才能在系統(tǒng)中使用磁盤。
在sdb1上建立ext2分區(qū)
[root@linuxidc ~]# mkfs.ext2 /dev/sdb1 mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) 100576 inodes, 200804 blocks 10040 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=209715200 7 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 14368 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840 Writing inode tables: done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 32 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
在sdb6上建立ext3分區(qū)
[root@linuxidc ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb6 mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) 217280 inodes, 433747 blocks 21687 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=444596224 14 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 15520 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (8192 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 32 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. [root@linuxidc ~]#
建立兩個(gè)目錄/oracle和/web，將新建好的兩個(gè)分區(qū)掛載到系統(tǒng)
[root@linuxidc ~]# mkdir /oracle [root@linuxidc ~]# mkdir /web [root@linuxidc ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /oracle [root@linuxidc ~]# mount /dev/sdb6 /web
查看分區(qū)掛載情況
[root@linuxidc ~]# df -h 文件系統(tǒng) 容量 已用 可用 已用% 掛載點(diǎn) /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00 6.7G 2.8G 3.6G 44% / /dev/sda1 99M 12M 82M 13% /boot tmpfs 125M 0 125M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sdb1 773M 808K 733M 1% /oracle /dev/sdb6 1.7G 35M 1.6G 3% /web
如果需要每次開機(jī)自動(dòng)掛載則需要修改/etc/fstab文件，加入兩行配置
[root@linuxidc ~]# vim /etc/fstab /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 / ext3 defaults 1 1 LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 swap swap defaults 0 0 /dev/sdb1 /oracle ext2 defaults 0 0 /dev/sdb6 /web ext3 defaults 0 0
